آخرین محصولات
Single-Step Hydrometallurgical Method for the Platinum Group …
Platinum group metals (PGMs) are considered critical raw materials, thus their recycling and re-use is of outmost importance. Among the PGMs, platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) are the basic metals used in catalytic converters. ... The PGM concentrations (ppm) are defined as a function of leaching time (0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 …
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Frontiers | Enrichment of Platinum Group Elements in Lower …
Platinum group elements (PGEs) occur mainly in basic–ultrabasic igneous rocks and are concentrated by the differentiation and crystallization of magma. Thin polymetallic layers including Ni, Mo, V, PGEs, and rare-earth elements are widely developed in lower Cambrian black shales in southern China. The PGE contents in such layers may …
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Rhenium‐osmium isotope systematics and platinum group …
Platinum group element concentrations in TDB-1, apparently the most homogenous SRM, are reproducible to better than 6%. The somewhat poorer reproducibilities of Ir and Pt concentrations in BHVO-1 are caused by a single analysis.
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Platinum-group element abundances and Re–Os isotopic
The concentrations of platinum-group elements (PGEs, including Os, Ir, Ru, Pt and Pd) and the geochemically related Re, as well as 187 Re/ 188 Os and 187 Os/ 188 Os …
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Anthropogenic platinum group element (Pt, Pd, Rh) concentrations …
Background. Platinum group elements (PGE), in particular platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh), are few of the least abundant elements in the Earth's continental crust, with estimated concentrations of 0.4–0.06 ppb (Wedepohl 1995).These metals and their compounds are highly valued by chemical, food and pharmaceutical …
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Platinum group elements (Pt, Pd, Rh) in airborne particulate …
Highlights Platinum group element (PGE) levels in airborne PM of human health concern have increased with time. Data on platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh) and palladium (Pd) levels in PM 1 reported for first time. PGE concentrations in rural areas of Germany do not reflect local emission sources. PGE are likely transported long …
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A New Way to Find Platinum Group Metals
The average grade of platinum-group elements (PGEs) in ores mined for their PGE concentrations range from 5 to 15 ppm. In most rocks, platinum-group minerals range in size from less than a micron to a few hundred microns in diameter, so the presence of PGEs must be confirmed by laboratory analysis.
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Recent advances in the preconcentration and determination of …
All platinum group metals (PGMs) (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum) occur naturally in the Earth's crust at very low concentrations. These metals, and their compounds, are very rare and their contents are in the order of tenths of ng.g-1 …
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Platinum-group element concentrations in pyrite from the Main …
The Main Sulfide Zone (MSZ) of the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe hosts the world's second largest resource of platinum-group elements (PGE) after the Bushveld Complex in South Africa. The sulfide assemblage of the MSZ comprises pyrrhotite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite, and minor pyrite. Recently, several studies have observed in a …
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Temporal variations of PM2.5-bound platinum group elements in …
1. Introduction. Platinum group elements (PGE) pollution has become a global concern. PGE can be mobilized and dissolved in physiological environments, such as blood and gastric juice, thereby increasing their bioaccessibility and bioavailability (Zimmermann et al., 2003; Ravindra et al., 2004; Wiseman and Zereini, 2009; Puls et al., …
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Bioavailability of Platinum Group Elements to Plants—A Review
This concentration is not much higher than the values presently detected at contaminated sites in the environment for the three metals (soils: 0.5–500 μg kg −1 see chapter on "Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review" this book). However, it has to be considered that the Pt, Pd and Rh concentrations …
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Platinum group element abundances in the upper continental …
Concentrations of platinum group elements and Re in the upper continental crust. Our estimates for the UCC, after omitting one sample with an anomalously high Pt content, are shown as a thick solid line. See text for discussion. Primitive mantle values are from McDonough and Sun (1995).
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Platinum-group element concentrations in BCR-723: A …
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of emission control measures on the changes in platinum group elements (PGE) concentrations in airborne particulate matter (atmospheric particulate mat-ter of aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm, PM 2.5) during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit held in Beijing. Airborne …
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Platinum-group elements | U.S. Geological Survey
Today, the average grade of PGEs in ores that are mined primarily for their PGE concentrations varies from 5 to 15 ppm, although the concentration of PGEs in hand …
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Platinum Group Element Concentrations and Osmium Isotopic …
Platinum, Pd, Rh, and Os were found to occur at elevated concentrations in airborne particles (PM10) collected at urban sites in Boston, MA. Average Pt, Pd, Rh, and Os …
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Increase of platinum group element concentrations in soils and …
This work aimed at a contribution to a monitoring of platinum group element (PGE) emission and accumulation by comparing analytical data, all generated in 1999 and in 2005 in an urban area in Germany. ... Platinum concentrations in urban road dust and soil, and in blood and urine in the United Kingdom. Analyst, 123 (1998), pp. 451-454. View ...
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Aspects of the platinum group metals (PGM)
Aspects of the platinum group metals (PGM) The PGM iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, and ruthenium are ... the relative concentrations of the complexes change with increasing concentration of the chloride ion. P H O T O C O P P Y Aspects of the platinum group metals (PGM): page 3 of 6
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Chalcophile and platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations in …
The concentration of platinum group elements (PGEs) in sulfide liquids (e.g., Keays and Campbell, 1981;Barnes et al., 1988;Holwell and Keays, 2014;Ripley, 2014;Taranovic et al., 2016;Duran et al ...
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Platinum-Group Element
Platinum-Group Element. The platinum group elements (PGEs) are represented by osmium and show very low concentrations, ~10pgL−1. From: Treatise on …
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Rhenium-osmium isotope systematics and platinum group …
Knowledge of the 187 Os/ 188 Os ratio as well as the inventories of rhenium and platinum group elements (PGE) in oceanic crust allows quantification of the proportion of recycled oceanic crust in oceanic basalt sources. Our knowledge is limited by the availability of well-characterized sections of oceanic crust, specifically of the plutonic, …
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Controls on variations of platinum-group element concentrations …
Ongoing underground exploration in the giant Jinchuan Ni-Cu sulfide deposit in western China is beginning to emphasize the potential for Cu-, Pt-, and Pd-rich sulfide ores that may have formed by sulfide liquid fractionation. The success of such an effort relies on whether or not fractional crystallization of sulfide occurred in the Jinchuan system. In …
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Platinum Group Element
Summary The PGEs are among the least abundant elements in sea water. The low concentrations of these metals in sea water reflect their generally low concentration in …
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Concentrations of Platinum Group Elements in 122 U.S. Coal …
A second coal sample from the same location has less than 4 ppb Pd. Platinum: Thirty-six of the 122 samples had "less than" values for platinum (generally <2 ppb). The highest concentration of Pt (aside from the suspect value from the coal waste sample from Texas) is 33 ppb from the Greenbrier Co., WV sample.
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Efficient and Accurate Identification of Platinum-Group Minerals …
Identification and accurate characterization of platinum-group minerals (PGMs) is usually a very cumbersome procedure due to their small grain size (typically below 10 µ m) and inconspicuous appearance under reflected light. A novel strategy for finding PGMs and quantifying their composition was developed.
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Platinum-group elements link the end-Triassic mass extinction …
Elevated concentrations of iridium (Ir) and other platinum-group elements (PGE) have been reported in both terrestrial and marine sediments associated with the end-Triassic …
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Anthropogenic platinum group element (Pt, Pd, Rh) concentrations …
This study investigates platinum group elements (PGEs) in the breathable (PM10) and respirable (PM2.5) fractions of air particulates from a heavily polluted Indian metro city. The samples were collected from traffic junctions at the heart of the city and industrial sites in the suburbs during winter and monsoon seasons of 2013–2014. PGE …
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Distribution of platinum-group elements in pristine and near …
The Platreef of the Bushveld Complex is currently the largest PGE open pit deposit. In order to investigate the behavior of PGE during weathering, three boreholes covering a sequence of oxidized and pristine Platreef ore from the Mogalakwena mine were studied. Further, sulfides and platinum-group minerals (PGM) at various locations along …
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Asteroid Mining
Platinum-rich asteroids may contain grades of up to 100 grams per ton, 10-20 times higher than open pit platinum mines in South Africa (Sonter, 2006). These ore grades mean that one 500-meter-wide platinum-rich asteroid could contain nearly 175 times the annual global platinum output, or 1.5 times the known world reserves of platinum group ...
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Platinum‐Group Element and Rhenium Concentrations in
Platinum-group element concentrations in felsic to intermediate rocks from the Forest Reef Volcanics, Cadia-Neville region, southeastern Australia have been analysed by the Ni-S fire assay-isotope ...
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Platinum-Group Metals—World Supply and Demand
Platinum-group metals (PGMs) include platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium. PGMs are used in a wide variety of applications such as vehicle catalysts for controlling ... in concentrations high enough to warrant …
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